International Journal of Cultural Inheritance & Social Sciences ISSN: 2632-7597

FEATURES OF ECONOMIC LIFE IN THE CITY OF ROSETTA DURING THE OTTOMAN ERA, AN ANALYTICAL STUDY

Huda Abdel Rahim Abdel Kadir — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Rosetta is considered one of the oldest and most important Egyptian ports, with historical roots stretching back to ancient times. It was mentioned in Strabo's Geography as "Boulbitine," indicating its strategic location at the mouth of the Boulbitine branch (the Rosetta branch). Its name is derived from the Pharaonic name "Rekhyt," used by the inhabitants of the Delta, which gradually evolved into the Coptic name "Rashit" and then to its current name, "Rosetta."

The city began to truly flourish and solidify its urban status during the reign of the Abbasid Caliph al-Mutawakkil in 256 AH/870 AD, taking on a military character and becoming an independent port due to its defensive importance and its role in securing Egypt's northern borders. With the arrival of the Ottoman era in 923 AH (1517 AD) under Sultan Selim I, Rosetta reached the zenith of its glory and economic and commercial importance, being the closest Egyptian port to the capital of the Caliphate, Istanbul, and a key link between international and domestic trade via the Nile River and the Mediterranean Sea. The research subsections consist of:

LANDMARKS OF ROSETTA ACCORDING TO THE FRENCH TRAVELER SONNINI, AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF ITS ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE

Mahmoud Ahmed Darwish — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research presents an analytical and documentary study of Rosetta in the 18th century, through an examination of the memoirs of the French traveler Charles Nicolas Sonnini. The research aims to highlight the city's strategic and economic importance as a vital link between Cairo and Alexandria, focusing on its defensive system, characterized by towers and northern forts.

The research also delves into the city's morphological and urban characteristics, comparing the residential style in Rosetta with that of Cairo, and analyzing the role of the natural environment in shaping the architecture. The research offers a critical reading of the illustrations (pls. 1, 1a, and 2) that Sonnini included in his memoirs, emphasizing their value as archaeological and architectural documents that complement the written text and enrich the accuracy of the historical documentation.

TRAVEL LITERATURE IN THE ARAB-ISLAMIC HERITAGE, AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ART AND COGNITIVE NARRATIVE

Nihad Al-Husseini Jamal Kamel — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Travel literature is one of the most valuable and richest forms of prose in the Arab-Islamic heritage, serving as a true mirror reflecting civilizational, cultural, and social transformations throughout the ages. Arab travelers were not merely passers-by; they were ambassadors of knowledge and eyewitnesses who documented the features of civilization, the customs of peoples, and the systems of political and economic life.

This study aims to trace the historical development of travel literature in the Arab-Islamic heritage and analyze the key junctures of its transformation across different eras, revealing the interplay of methodologies and themes between geography, history, and literary narrative.

THE ROSETTA SOCIETY IN THE OTTOMAN ERA, AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SOCIAL CLASSES, COMMUNITIES, AND CULTURAL INTERACTION

Mahmoud Ahmed Darwish — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Rosetta stands out as one of Egypt's most important and ancient ports, having played a pivotal role throughout history. It boasts a unique cultural, architectural, and social heritage that reflects the succession of civilizations and nations on Egyptian soil. The city has garnered the appreciation of researchers and scholars due to its unique strategic location at the mouth of the Rosetta branch of the Nile River and on the Mediterranean coast, making it a significant commercial and military center.

Rosetta has witnessed major transformations since its early days as a defensive military outpost during the Abbasid era, through its commercial and urban flourishing in subsequent Islamic periods, culminating in its golden age during the Ottoman era when it served as the closest port to the capital of the Caliphate. This strategic importance and thriving economic activity were reflected in its social and demographic composition, attracting successive waves of immigrants and Arab and foreign communities. These diverse groups and classes formed a unique model of cultural pluralism and social harmony. Therefore, studying the social conditions and social classes in Rosetta during the Ottoman era is of paramount importance. It sheds light on the details of daily life, the network of relationships between the ruling elite and the general population and resident communities, and reveals the mechanisms of social and professional organization that regulated the rhythm of life in this vital port city.

POSTHUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS AND HUMANISM ACROSS BRITISH, AMERICAN, POSTCOLONIAL, AND CONTEMPORARY LITERARY TRADITIONS GLOBALLY

Bipradeep Sen — Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This paper traces the migration of literary studies from the liberal humanist paradigm toward a posthuman critical consciousness, arguing that contemporary fiction in English constitutes a laboratory in which subjectivity, cognition, ethics, materiality, and planetary relationality are being radically reconfigured. Drawing on an interdisciplinary framework that synthesizes cognitive literary studies, critical posthumanism, narrative ethics, affect theory, and decolonial epistemologies, the paper reads British, American, postcolonial, and contemporary world literatures as convergent yet differentiated sites of post-anthropocentric imagination. It contends that the posthuman turn is not a repudiation of the human but a redistribution of the human across technological, ecological, and more-than-human networks, and that decolonial thought is indispensable to any posthumanism that does not merely universalize a Euro-American crisis of Man. The paper concludes by proposing planetary relationality as the horizon within which literary form, ethical response, and epistemic justice can be rethought together.