THE FRANCO-BRITISH CONFLICT AFTER THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE FRENCH CAMPAIGN FROM EGYPT (1801-1807), AN ANALYTICAL STUDY

Abstract

The English campaign on Alexandria in 1807 was linked to the international conflict that emerged in the aftermath of the French Revolution of 1789, and the subsequent international alliances and Anglo-French conflicts that led to Napoleon's campaign on Egypt (1798-1801), which ended with the Amiens Agreement in March 1802.

This research deals with the Franco-British conflict after the French campaign (1801-1807), which intensified after the advent of the campaign to Egypt, where Britain, exhausted at war, finally decided to negotiate. In March 1802, France and Britain signed the Treaty of Amiens, which returned Egypt to the Ottoman Sultan. Following the Treaty of Paris concluded on June 26, 1802, diplomatic relations between France and the Sublime Porte were restored, but the English took possession of Malta, and there was no way for them to abandon it. Possessing India, which was the base of their empires, they kept in Egypt 4,430 English soldiers, while the misfortune of Egypt was that it was torn between the conflicts of the Turks and the Mamluks, and the castles and fortresses were suffering from great destruction and ruin.

All these reasons prompted Great Britain to decide to implement what it had previously decided to invade Egypt in 1807 to limit Napoleon's influence and so that Egypt would not fall again into the hands of the French.

The research deals with the Franco-British conflict, the European alliance against France, and the English campaign against Alexandria.